Ion, anion and cation

As we know an element (Atom or isotop) consists of a nucleus, with protons and neutrons, and is surrounded outside of the nucleus by electrons. Those number is equal with that of the protons of any element.

However an element or a compound may accept or loose one or more electrons. Now elements and compounds have an electrical charge and are called ions.

Elements and compounds with a lack of electrons have a positive charge and are called cations.

Elements and compounds with aditional electrons have a negative charge and are called anions.

Examples:

Anions: Cl-, HCO3-, Br-, OH-, CH3COO-

Cations: Na+, Mg2+, H3O+, H+ (=Proton!)

---